Sacramento Appraisal Blog

Thoughts on PG&E and the housing market

November 7, 2019 By Ryan Lundquist 34 Comments

I’ve been asked quite a bit to talk about what’s happening with PG&E. It’s mind-blowing to think close to one million households have had spurts without electricity lately in California. I don’t think anyone saw this curveball coming, so let’s talk about it. Please pitch in your thoughts below too.

Here are a few things on my mind.

Prolonged vs isolated incident: Whenever something changes in a market we tend to immediately ask about the impact, but the truth is we don’t always have answers – especially at first. It’s important to remember a few power outages aren’t likely to alter the perception of sellers and buyers in a market. But if we begin to see a prolonged issue, then that’s a different story.

The market will adapt: Generators haven’t been easy to find in the Sacramento area despite all the radio ads, but at some point if power outages become prolonged the market will simply adapt and generators will become commonplace. Thus properties with some sort of system to retain power are going to be more marketable. Remember though, if a generator isn’t a permanent part of the house, it’s really personal property, so it’s not going to be included in the appraised value.

Uncertainty: People like stability and so does the housing market. A friend in a rural area recently said she doesn’t know if she can take PG&E outages for the next ten years. I feel for her and I think her sentiment captures the struggle many residents have right now of living in the tension of not knowing the future.

The market hasn’t stopped: It’s important to note the housing market hasn’t stopped. There are still properties trading hands. In fact, here’s current pendings in Placer, El Dorado, and Nevada County. I realize this isn’t the perfect image because only portions of these counties are having outages. Nonetheless, this is a quick glance to highlight the market is still moving. With that said, we’re at the beginning stage of this new issue and my sense is we’re in a stand-by period where owners and buyers are watching and waiting to see what the future holds.

Migration: Unplanned power outages could drive some residents to leave rural areas (or even suburban areas having issues). I think this is especially true for anyone who has already been flirting with the idea of leaving California. This could be the final straw. But for many rural owners they’re going to stay because they love their lifestyle (of course as long as there are solutions for keeping the power on during outages).

Solar: There’s lots of buzz about solar becoming a bigger trend in outlying areas. My advice? Just be sure the solar system is actually going to work if the power is out. And don’t make a rash decision about installing an expensive solar system if there is a more cost-effective solution too.

Insurance costs: Fire insurance has skyrocketed in outlying areas in recent time and it’s been a huge struggle. Just yesterday I had a real estate agent tell me a client was paying about $800 for an annual insurance plan and now the bill is $3,000 for the year. What a burden – especially for those with a fixed or lower income. Thus throwing in a new layer of power outages really doesn’t help boost appeal for outlying areas. Insurance is certainly a hardship, but at least it is a known factor. What is especially challenging with power outages is their frequency in the future is not known. This is where an element of uncertainty can be more stressful than insurance costs for some households.

Stories vs stats: When something new happens in a market there is a season where we have stories from the trenches of escrows and eventually these stories become stats. In my opinion right now we have limited data and we need more time to understand what the market is doing. With that said, when it comes to areas with rising insurance rates I’m noticing housing supply has ticked up at a higher rate in El Dorado County compared with the rest of the region, and sales volume has seemed to slump more in El Dorado County also. This includes the entire county of course and at some point I may parse only fire insurance areas (this is not as easy to do as it sounds). Anyway, let’s keep watching.

I hope this was helpful. I’m so sorry to friends who have been struggling with power outages. By the way, if any appraiser friends need space to plug into wifi if your power goes out, please hit me up.

Million Dollar Market: On a different note, here’s a quick rundown of the million dollar market in the Sacramento region if you’re interested.

Questions: If you live in PG&E territory, what have you been experiencing? What are you hearing from residents? What did I miss?

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That place where shiplap & murder meet

October 29, 2019 By Ryan Lundquist 24 Comments

There’s going to be a new home renovation show that focuses on murder houses. How crazy is that? It’ll be called Murder House Flip and it’s going to air in 2020. I can already imagine adding shiplap to the walls to erase a heinous history… Anyway, here are some things on my mind.

1) Not the home’s fault: Often when talking about notorious homes we hear things like, “It’s not the home’s fault” or “It’s unfair to penalize the house.” I get that, but let’s remember buyers aren’t just purchasing the home. They’re inheriting all the stories and history too. Anyone who has ever owned a home knows this is true because neighbors will definitely tell you about the previous owners and especially anything big that happened at the property. While a home is technically innocent, it doesn’t mean buyers aren’t discerning or making judgement calls about value.

2) Stigma fades: A property with a crime in its past can certainly have a diminished value, but the loss in value may not last forever. What I mean is right after a gnarly situation buyers might react quite negatively, but over time the tendency is to care less, forget, move on, or not even know what happened decades ago. It would be like saying, “A man was murdered here yesterday” compared to “A man was murdered here in 1917.” Would there be a difference in your mind? Maybe so. But for something really notorious the question becomes how long stigma can last. This is why I’m watching the John Wayne Gacy property. The original home was actually demolished, but can stigma remain with the site despite the new home?

3) No one-size-fits-all adjustment: How much does a murder affect value? There’s no one answer to satisfy all situations. It likely depends on when the murder occurred, the nature of what happened, and whether it took place inside or outside. It could also depend on the price range or location as some sub-markets are more sensitive than others. My experience locally is buyers at lower price points tend to be more forgiving about certain issues compared to higher price points (generally speaking).

4) One buyer vs the market: It’s possible a particular buyer might not care about a property’s history, but market value isn’t just about one buyer. What would most buyers pay? Last year I ran a poll about the alleged Golden State Killer’s house and asked people to consider if there would be any price impact if this home came to the market. It was a fascinating conversation with many layers, but one thing that kept coming up was the idea that one buyer might not even care. That’s true. But again, market value isn’t just about what one buyer would do. It’s like this. Imagine lining up 100 qualified and interested buyers. What would be reasonable for them to pay? That’s sort of what market value looks like.

5) Crunching numbers: I appraised a murder house recently and interviewed about ten local real estate agents who sold a murder property in the past. Here’s a blurred view of my data collection. Some agents said there wasn’t any impact to price and others would say stuff like, “It probably sold $25,000 lower.” In short, the answer wasn’t always the same, which meant I had to consider which data points were relevant for my situation. This is huge because it’s easy to find one murder house and call it a day because now we have data. But what happened with one home under $200,000 may not mean anything at the $800,000 price point. Thus some data toward the lower end of the market ended up being less relevant during my appraisal.

An episode of Murder House Flip in Sacramento: There’s going to be an episode set in Sacramento to focus on the Dorothea Puente property. If you didn’t know, she was an older woman who ran a “boarding” house in the early 80s, but instead of giving clients respite she drugged them, buried them in the backyard, and collected their social security checks. This property has sold four times in the past twenty years as seen below.

By the way, there was a documentary made about this house and the owner has even given tours. This goes to show another aspect of a famous home is monetization. In this case though the owner donated tour proceeds toward organizations working with the homeless.

Keep in mind entire books are written about this stuff and I’m only scraping the surface here. I hope it was interesting or helpful though.

Questions: Are you going to watch this new show? What stands out to you above? Any other thoughts?

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Does the market really change every seven years?

October 22, 2019 By Ryan Lundquist 19 Comments

The market changes every seven years. And now it’s ready to take a big turn. Have you heard that? Is there really such a thing as a “seven-year rule”? Is it legitimate? Let’s talk about it.

A FEW THINGS TO CONSIDER

1) Behavior: The market doesn’t have to behave a certain way every seven years. Bottom line. Case-in-point: We’ve had almost eight years of price growth in Sacramento in the current price cycle.

2) There is a cycle: Sometimes we only hear about the market being “hot”, but there really is a rhythm over years where prices go up and down. In many locations the market tends to change every decade or so, so I get why people believe in the seven-year rule. But keep in mind some markets are more flat over time rather than super cyclical like California (big point).

3) Talking in a range: I’m not a huge fan of being dogmatic about seven years, so I prefer to hear things like, “The market tends to change every 7-10 years or so.” Of course this type of statement might be totally off in some areas of the country, but in my market I get it when people say this because of historical data.

Now to some new images…

PRICE CYCLE IMAGES: I used the Freddie Mac Price Index to tell the story of the market over four decades. I like this price metric because it goes back 40 years. I’d love to use MLS instead, but that only goes back 20 years. Anyone have a different metric suggestion?

How long were the past few UP cycles before the market turned?

CALIFORNIA
1980s: 7.9 years
1990s: 10 years
Current: 7.5 years

SACRAMENTO
1980s: 7.1 years
1990s: 8.6 years
Current: 7.7 years

How long did the past few DOWN cycles last?

CALIFORNIA
1980s: 9 months
1990s: 5.5 years
2000s: 5.6 years

SACRAMENTO
1980s: 17 months
1990s: 5.9 years
2000s: 5.9 years

NOTE: It’s tempting to try to predict this next cycle based on the past few, but be really careful with that. There is no rule that says the market always has to behave the same.

Bonus (Adjusted for Inflation): I adjusted for inflation here to help compare dollar amounts over decades (and to satisfy econ / grad student friends who prod me about this).

OTHER CYCLE CHARTS: I have other price cycle charts based on MLS data over the past 20 years. I have charts for Sacramento, Placer, Yolo, & El Dorado County. See my big monthly market update (scroll to “price cycles”).

I hope this was interesting or helpful.

MAKE THIS GRAPH FOR YOUR MARKET?

Do you want to know how to make a price cycle graph? I made a template to help you do this. Download my template and follow the instructions in the Excel file. If you make something, please tag me online or email me. I’d love to see what your market looks like. Here’s a video tutorial. Here are a few more tutorials also.

Questions: What stands out to you in the images above? Any other thoughts about price cycles?

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When sellers care too much about the Zestimate

October 16, 2019 By Ryan Lundquist 10 Comments

A seller’s Zestimate is really low and he’s pretty worried about it. It might seem a bit vain to care so much, but the seller is concerned since he’s heard buyers might offer less on his home if Zillow’s estimate is too low. Is that legit? Let’s talk about it. Then for those interested I have a huge market update below.

Three things about sellers caring too much about Zillow:

1) Some buyers need education: Some buyers do get hung up on Zillow, but these buyers are very likely the minority. Frankly, a buyer putting more weight on Zillow than actual comps or neighborhood trends is simply coming to the market as misinformed.

2) Obsession means more: If a home really is worth more than a Zestimate, buyers will recognize that and offer accordingly. In other words, the vast bulk of buyers won’t be getting stuck on a lower Zestimate when they know value is there. Will some? Maybe. But let’s remember the obsessive nature of buyers today. They scour all homes as soon as they hit the market, they’re in tune with every price reduction, and they often get a sense for what is both overpriced and underpriced in a neighborhood because they’re paying such close attention. Thus to think a buyer in today’s big data climate would forget about all the hours of obsessive research and get stuck on a Zestimate is out of sync with how buyers are approaching the market today.

3) Matching the list price: The irony is the Zestimate might actually end up chasing the list price when the home does come to the market. This doesn’t always happen, but there are numerous examples online of a Zestimate being really low only to be changed within days of the listing to match whatever the list price ends up being. Here’s a lopsided example I noticed with a Chip & Jo house and here’s a recent example from Jim the Realtor in San Diego.

NOTE: I wrote about Zillow two weeks in a row. It won’t be three next week.

Any thoughts?

—–——– Big local monthly market update (long on purpose) —–——–

If I had to boil down the market to a few phrases I’d say fairly normal stats, slumping sales volume, modest price growth, overpricing sellers, and some hesitancy among buyers. Ultimately stats are showing about what we’d expect for this time of year, which is why I’m saying the market feels mostly normal. This doesn’t mean there aren’t red flags of course.

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THE SHORT VERSION:

Stats feel mostly normal
Not every fall season is the same
Rent control hasn’t stopped the market
Year-over-year price growth is modest
Sacramento is busting landlords for MJ
Distressed sales hardly exist
Volume was up this past month (but it was still a low month)
We’re about to have a new soccer stadium

THE LONGER VERSION:

Here are some of the bigger topics right now:

Prices likely peaked for the season: Prices have been flattening or softening in most areas in the region. This doesn’t mean the market is dull or not competitive. It simply means prices are softening and we’re not surprised because that normally happens around this time. For reference, the median price often dips about 5% or so during the fall.

PG&E shutting off power: If you didn’t know, PG&E shut off power to more than 700,000 customers for a couple days last week in light of a perceived risk of fire. I’ve been asked if this is going to affect the real estate market. Here’s my take. If this became a frequent issue it’s hard to imagine buyers not considering it when making offers and choosing where to live. If this is an isolated incident though, it’s likely to have no real impact. Of course one other layer here is we could see buyers expecting or appreciating generators being present.

Not all falls are equal: It’s good to remember not all fall seasons are created equal. What I mean is sometimes the fall season will feel pretty dull with larger price cuts and other times the market just feels a little more flat. The verdict is still out on what this coming fall season will look like exactly, but there is no mistaking we are in the midst it now.

The last run on the market before Thanksgiving: There is typically a last run on the market about this time of year. Now that everyone is settled in from vacations and the kids are in school, we usually see a last move to buy before the holidays arrive. This is exactly why there is almost always an uptick in sales volume in December. It’s not that there are more homes that actually sell in December. It’s just there are a higher number of pendings from October and November that end up closing in December.

Rent control: The market hasn’t stopped because of rent control in the City of Sacramento. I wanted to mention this because sometimes we lose sight of seeing the market in the midst of strong feelings and sensational headlines. When looking at 2-4 unit sales there were slightly more this September compared to last year, and pendings are fairly normal for the time being. This doesn’t mean everything is going to be peachy. I’m not saying that at all. I only want to emphasize the market is still moving and over time we’ll understand how it’s all going to play out. By the way, I’ll be doing a rent control Q&A soon.

Modest price growth: Last month we saw most price metrics were up about 2-4% compared to the same month last year in 2018. This is much more subdued growth compared to previous years.

Busting landlords for illegal marijuana grows: The City of Sacramento has been busting landlords for tenants growing cannabis over the legal limit (six plants). This is a huge deal and something to watch because some landlords have been getting excessive fines (we’re talking hundreds of thousands of dollars). This story is seeming to fly under the radar, but there are huge implications for property rights and investing in Sacramento and beyond. The silver lining for many landlords though is the courts have seemed to shoot down the city’s tactics lately.

Meth houses & El Camino: If you’re a Breaking Bad fan you probably already watched El Camino. It only seemed fitting to share the DEA’s published list of known drug labs. Unfortunately the list has not been updated in years, but it’s better than nothing. Here’s a study also on the impact of drug labs on surrounding homes (PDF).

Distressed sales: Ten years ago distressed sales dominated the market and were about 80% of all sales in the region, but now they’re hardly even 1% of sales.

Slumping sales volume: It’s been a lower year of sales volume as we’re down about 7% compared to last year. I know that doesn’t sound like much, but it does translate to about 2,000 less sales. I wouldn’t call this a market meltdown, but we’ve definitely seen a slowdown since sales volume has been lower 15 out of the past 17 months in the Sacramento region. This is still on the lower side of normal, but it’s something to watch over time to understand exactly what it means.

Hesitancy: Buyers are picky about getting into contract as well as staying in contract. On top of that some buyers are feeling hesitant. They wonder if we’re near the peak for this cycle, so they feel less confident about playing the game.

New soccer stadium: We’re finally getting an MLS soccer team in Sacramento after years of drama. Someone asked me if this will affect the market. In short, the stadium is only one piece of the pie in the entire Railyards development. There will be 6,000 to 10,000 housing units and millions of square feet of commercial space including a Kaiser campus. So buyers focus on the entire package including the stadium rather than saying, “Yo, I’m only buying because of the stadium.” Oh, and buyers located multiple miles away are very unlikely to look at fresh neighborhood listings now and say, “Dude, I’m totally going to pay more because there’s a soccer stadium ten to twenty minutes away.”

Soccer KCRA interview: By the way, I did an interview with Channel 3 yesterday about the new soccer stadium.

I could write more, but let’s get visual instead.

FIVE THINGS TO TALK ABOUT:

1) SLOWER GROWTH: The market has continued to show price growth, but it’s been a more modest rate of growth. This is why I’m saying the market is slowing. Let’s remember “slow” is not a dirty word in real estate.

2) PRICE CYCLES: Here’s a look at the past few price cycles in various counties. This is a fascinating way to see the market. What do you notice?

3) LAST YEAR vs THIS YEAR: Last year the market felt dark and many wondered if it was about to take a turn downward. That hasn’t been the vibe so far this year though. Most price metrics are up 2-4% or so this year. I’m not saying the market is perfectly healthy, but it feels profoundly different this year so far. It’s amazing what happens when mortgage rates slide down and help the market feel more normal….

4) VOLUME SLUMP: Volume was actually higher in September compared to last year at the same time, but it was still a pretty low September. In fact, in Sacramento County it was the second lowest September over the past 11 years. It’s important to remember last year was painfully dull, so it’s not all that hard to have a higher sales volume this year, right? The bigger story is sales volume is down in the region by about 7% over the past year. Moreover, volume has been down in the region for 15 out of the last 17 months. This is definitely something to keep on the radar. In my mind this is one of the most important trends to watch because it tells us whether buyers have their foot on the gas or brakes.

5) PRICES ARE SOFTENING FOR THE FALL: The market generally slowed in September in terms of price growth. This is why I’m saying prices feel a bit flat (even though they’re up from last year). This is normal for the time of year.

NOTE: Take El Dorado County data with a grain of salt. Stats change significantly month by month.

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SACRAMENTO REGION (more graphs here):